1) Toss Up - Biology - Multiple Choice
In studies of trees, one finds just one leaf bud and one leaf at each node on a walnut twig. This arrangement of leaf bud and leaf is known as:
W) alternate
X) opposite
Y) whorled
Z) none of the above
1) Bonus - Biology - Multiple Choice
The complex of sugar polymers and proteins which are patchily distributed on the plasma membranes of animal cells is called
W) cellulose
X) chitin
Y) glyocalyx
Z) cytoskeleton
2) Toss Up - Chemistry - Short Answer
What is the term for the direct conversion of a solid to a vapor without going through a liquid phase?
ANSWER: SUBLIMATION2) Bonus - Chemistry - Short Answer
What element is a volatile purple-black solid with a beautiful metallic sheen, is found in minerals such as lautarite and dietzeite (Pron: lot-ah-right and dite-zite), was first prepared in 1811 from seaweed, and is the least reactive halogen?
ANSWER: IODINE (ACCEPT: I)3) Toss Up - Computer Science - Multiple Choice
The file extension .MID (read as: dot, M, I, D) usually means that the file can be opened by what type of program:
W) text editor
X) graphics
Y) database
Z) music
3) Bonus - Computer Science - Short Answer
The decimal number 15 is equivalent to what octal number?
ANSWER: 174) Toss Up - Biology - Multiple Choice
The skeleton of an echinoderm is an
W) endoskeleton of calcium carbonate plates.
X) endoskeleton of chitin plates.
Y) exoskeleton of calcium carbonate plates.
Z) exoskeleton of chitin plates.
4) Bonus - Biology - Multiple Choice
Planarians have eyespots that are specialized to
W) detect light.
X) determine color.
Y) determine motion.
Z) form images.
5) Toss Up - Chemistry - Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a metallic element, composes about 5% of the Earth’s crust, oxidizes very easily, and when pure is a dark, silver-grey metal:
W) cobalt
X) nickel
Y) iron
Z) titanium
5) Bonus - Chemistry - Multiple Choice
According to the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, the pH equals the pKa (read as: p, k, a) when the ratio of the conjugate base and weak acid equals:
W) 0
X) 1
Y) 2
Z) 7
6) Toss Up - Physics - Multiple Choice
During a safety test, a small car and a truck move toward each other at the same speed and experience a head-on collision. Afterward, the two objects move away from each other along the same line. Which of the following is correct?
W) The truck will experience a greater speed than the car
X) The car will experience a greater speed than the truck
Y) The speeds of the truck and the car will be the same
Z) Sometimes the truck will experience a greater speed and sometimes the car will experience the greater speed
6) Bonus - Physics - Short Answer
Mercury or other liquid barometers work by balancing the force exerted by the atmosphere with what?
ANSWER: FORCE EXERTED BY THE LIQUID7) Toss Up - Math - Short Answer
Giving your answer in standard form, what is the last term in the binomial expansion of the following: `(x + y)^6`
ANSWER: `y^6`7) Bonus - Math - Short Answer
Simplify the following expression by combining like terms: 12.03A - 4.03B - 0.03(A - 40)
ANSWER: 12A - 4.03B + 1.28) Toss Up - Physics - Multiple Choice
The 1922 Stern-Gerlach experiment was one of the earliest confirmations of the quantization of what property of particles?
W) intrinsic angular momentum
X) charge
Y) mass
Z) energy levels
8) Bonus - Physics - Multiple Choice
In the Stern-Gerlach experiment, which of the following particles does not need an externally applied electric field in order to correctly isolate the force due to spin from the Lorentz force?
W) electron
X) positron
Y) proton
Z) neutron
9) Toss Up - Math - Short Answer
Name a real number that does not have a multiplicative inverse.
ANSWER: 09) Bonus - Math - Short Answer
Given the function `y = 4x - x^2`, what are the two values of x for which the corresponding value for y is 0?
ANSWER: 0 AND 410) Toss Up - Chemistry - Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT true of the Kinetic Molecular Theory of gases:
W) gases consist of molecules or atoms in continuous random motion
X) collisions between these molecules and/or atoms in a gas are elastic
Y) the volume occupied by the atoms and/or molecules in a gas is large
Z) the attractive forces between the atoms and/or molecules in a gas are negligible
10) Bonus - Chemistry - Short Answer
What is the common household name for para-dichloro-benzene?
ANSWER: MOTH BALLS11) Toss Up - Physics - Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true when light enters a denser medium and is refracted?
W) Wavelength remains unchanged
X) Wave speed increases
Y) Wavelength increases
Z) Frequency remains unchanged
11) Bonus - Physics - Short Answer
A one-dimensional electrical potential has the form V(x) = 4x2 - x. What is the electrical field associated with this potential in terms of x?
ANSWER: -8x + 1 (DO NOT ACCEPT: 8x - 1)12) Toss Up - Energy - Multiple Choice
The acronym EAST, given to a magnetic fusion energy reactor located in China, stands for what?
W) Energy Acquiring Subatomic Torus
X) East Asian Superconducting Torus
Y) Electron Accelerating Supersonic Titan
Z) Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak
12) Bonus - Energy - Short Answer
What is the name of the world’s largest tokamak that is currently under construction in France?
ANSWER: International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (accept ITER)13) Toss Up - Biology - Short Answer
Damage to which human brain region results in anomalous circadian [uh-NOM-uh-luhs sur-kay-dee-uhn] rhythms?
ANSWER: HYPOTHALAMUS13) Bonus - Biology - Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true regarding osmoregulation in a freshwater fish?
W) Osmotic water loss occurs over body surface and via gills
X) Nitrogenous wastes are excreted primarily in the form of uric acid
Y) Copious amount of urine hypotonic to the blood is excreted
Z) Excess salt is excreted from gills
14) Toss Up - Biology - Short Answer
Of the primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary levels of protein structure, to what level does the three-dimensional folding of a single peptide confer its structure?
ANSWER: TERTIARY14) Bonus - Biology - Short Answer
FAD functions as a hydrogen acceptor in the oxidation of what molecule of the citric acid cycle?
ANSWER: SUCCINATE15) Toss Up - Physics - Multiple Choice
The color created by adding green and red is?
W) cyan
X) magenta
Y) blue
Z) yellow
15) Bonus - Physics - Short Answer
Mixing equal quantities of primary colors results in shades of what color?
ANSWER: GREY16) Toss Up - Biology - Multiple Choice
Which of the following BEST explains why water molds are NOT classified as fungi?
W) They have cell walls of cellulose and produce motile spores
X) They are decomposers
Y) They are multinucleate
Z) They have cell walls of chitin (read as: KY-tin) and when aggregated function like a multicellular organism
16) Bonus - Biology - Short Answer
By name or number, identify all of the following five choices that are considered embryophyta (read as: ehm-bree-ah-FY-tah): 1) gymnosperms (read as: JIM-noh-spehrms), 2) diatoms, 3) mosses, 4) dinoflagellates, 5) ferns.
ANSWER: GYNOSPERMS, MOSSES, FERNS (ACCEPT: 1, 3, AND 5)17) Toss Up - Biology - Short Answer
In biology, what is the word used to describe the appearance of an individual without regard to its hereditary constitution?
ANSWER: phenotype17) Bonus - Biology - Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the main target of bacteria by the antibiotic penicillin:
W) energy production
X) DNA synthesis
Y) cell wall synthesis
Z) translation
18) Toss Up - Physics - Short Answer
In 15 seconds, 2 x 10^13 protons pass a particular point. Given that the charge on the proton is 1.6 x 10^19 coulombs, and providing your answer as a decimal to the nearest tenth, what is the current in microamperes?
ANSWER: 0.218) Bonus - Physics - Multiple Choice
What is the average force, in newtons, exerted on a 25-gram egg by a bed-sheet if the egg hits the sheet at 4 meters per second and takes 0.2 seconds to stop?
W) 0.5
X) 1.5
Y) 5
Z) 50
19) Toss Up - Biology - Short Answer
In mammals, B cells are produced in the bone marrow. What cloacal [kloh-AY-kuhl] organ in birds produces these cells and is the source of their name?
ANSWER: BURSA OF FABRICIUS (ACCEPT: BURSA)19) Bonus - Biology - Short Answer
You are walking at night on a sandy beach in southern California during a high tide that followed the last full moon. What fish will you most likely see mating in the sand on the beach during your walk?
ANSWER: GRUNION (ACCEPT: LEURESTHES)20) Toss Up - Earth And Space - Multiple Choice
The interstellar medium is primarily composed of two components, a warm ionized phase and a cool neutral phase. Which of the following is approximately the temperature in Kelvin of the cool phase?
W) 1
X) 10
Y) 100
Z) 1000
20) Bonus - Earth And Space - Multiple Choice
Which of the following geometries is inconsistent with a flat universe?
W) Infinite
X) Toroidal [toh-ROID-l]
Y) Horn
Z) Conical
21) Toss Up - Biology - Short Answer
What is the term given to enzymes whose action is modulated by binding of a molecule to a site other than the active site?
ANSWER: allosteric enzymes21) Bonus - Biology - Multiple Choice
One-celled algae enclosed in minute two-part silic shells are called:
W) dinoflagellates (pron: die-no-flaj-el-ates)
X) coelenterates (pron: sell-en-ter-ates)
Y) annelids
Z) diatoms
22) Toss Up - Chemistry - Multiple Choice
The reaction of amines with carboxylic acids forms
W) alcohols.
X) esters.
Y) amides.
Z) proteins.
22) Bonus - Chemistry - Multiple Choice
The boiling temperatures of the aldehydes and ketones are
lower than the boiling temperatures of the alcohols because
W) aldehydes and ketones have such low vapor pressures.
X) there is no intermolecular attraction in aldehydes and ketones.
Y) the size of the aldehyde and ketone molecules is large.
Z) no hydrogen bonding occurs in aldehydes and ketones.
23) Toss Up - Astronomy - Short Answer
For someone standing at 43° north latitude, how many degrees above the horizon will the north celestial pole be?
ANSWER: 4323) Bonus - Astronomy - Short Answer
In what phase does the planet Venus appear during superior conjunction?
ANSWER: FULL24) Toss Up - Earth Science - Multiple Choice
What kind of faults are caused by shear forces?
W) Normal
X) Strike-slip
Y) Obtuse
Z) Elastic
24) Bonus - Earth Science - Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT true of basalt and gabbro:
W) they formed from magma at the same temperature
X) they are derived from basaltic magma
Y) they formed from magma with the same silica content
Z) they are both intrusive igneous rocks
25) Toss Up - Astronomy - Multiple Choice
The measurement of the altitudes of only 3 stars at a known
universal time allows the calculation of a position on earth. These measurements may
be made with a
W) meridian transit telescope.
X) sextant.
Y) compass.
Z) altimeter.
25) Bonus - Astronomy - Multiple Choice
In the sixteenth century, Pope Gregory VIII ordered calendar reform
to more precisely measure the leap year cycle. Therefore, the year 2000
W) will be a leap year.
X) will not be a leap year.
Y) will cause clocks to stop.
Z) will be skipped.